Knowledge Base - Full Library

MMP remains committed to continuing to monitor for COVID-19 updates specific to our reader base. This week we highlight key updates spanning from May 18th through May 26th.   

Resource Spotlight This Week:

This week’s spotlight is the CDCs COVIDView. This is a weekly surveillance summary of U.S. COVID-19 activity. Each week you can download a weekly summary. The summary includes information about the following:

Key Updates for the week,

• Virus,
• Outpatient and Emergency Department Visits,
• Severe Disease: Hospitalizations and Mortality, and
• Surveillance activity included graphs.

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covidview/index.html

 

May 18, 2020: Guidance to Safely Reopen Nursing Homes

New guidance for the safe reopening of nursing homes was announced in a CMS Press Release as part of Guidelines for Opening Up America Again. This guidance details critical steps to be taken prior to relaxing nursing home restriction including “rigorous infection prevention and control, adequate testing, and surveillance.” CMS further recommends the following steps:

• Do not advance through any phase of reopening or relax restrictions until all residents and staff have received results from a baseline test,
• Have State survey agencies inspect nursing homes experiencing a significant outbreak prior to reopening, and
• Nursing homes should remain in the current state of highest restriction and be among the last to reopen within the community.

“Nursing homes may receive visitors during phase three, which is when there has been a sustained decrease in COVID-19 cases.” This Press Release provides links to the Guidance (Memorandum QSO-20-30-NH), an FAQ document and a full list of CMS Public Health Actions for Nursing Home on COVID-19 to date.

 

May 19, 2020: Re-entry Guidance for Health Care Facilities and Medical Device Representatives

The release of this Guidance is a joint effort of the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association of perioperative Registered Nurses (AORN), and the Advanced Medical Technology Association (AdvaMed).

An AdvaMed Press Release indicates that “the guidance for re-entry builds on the April 17 joint statement by AHA, AORN, the American College of Surgeons, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists – entitled “Roadmap for Resuming Elective Surgery” – with expanded, clinically based recommendations supporting the safe return of medical device representatives into health care facilities, consistent with the AdvaMed Code of Ethics. The guidance seeks to align access standards and processes across health care facilities, with principles and considerations rooted in health authority guidance, including from the CDC, FDA, and state and local authorities.”

 

May 19, 2020: CDC Clinical Outreach and Communication Activity (COCA) Webinar: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Discussion during this call included clinical characteristics of this syndrome, how cases have been diagnosed and treated, and how clinicians have been responding to recently reported cases associated with COVID-19. A video and slides from this presentation are available on the CDC website at https://emergency.cdc.gov/coca/calls/2020/callinfo_051920.asp?deliveryName=USCDC_1052-DM28705.

 

May 19, 2020: Special Edition MLNConnects: COVID-19: Payment for Diagnostic Laboratory Tests

“Earlier this year, CMS took action to ensure America’s patients, health care facilities, and clinical laboratories were prepared to respond to the 2019-Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). To help increase testing and track new cases, CMS developed two HCPCS codes that laboratories can use to bill for certain COVID-19 diagnostic tests. Health care providers and laboratories may bill Medicare and other health insurers for SARS-CoV2 tests performed on or after February 4 using:  

• HCPCS code U0001 for tests developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• HCPCS code U0002 for non-CDC laboratory tests for SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV (COVID-19)

Laboratories and other health providers can also bill Medicare for tests using CPT codes created by the American Medical Association, provided testing uses the method specified by each CPT code:

• CPT code 87635 for infectious agent detection by nucleic acid tests for dates of service on or after March 13
• CPT codes 86769 and 86328 for serology tests for dates of service on or after April 10

Finally, for dates of service on or after April 14, 2020, Medicare pays $100 for laboratory tests for the detection of SARS–CoV–2 or the diagnosis of the virus that causes COVID–19 making use of high throughput technologies (PDF). Laboratories can bill Medicare for these tests using:

• U0003: Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Coronavirus disease [COVID-19]), amplified probe technique, making use of high throughput technologies as described by CMS-2020-01-R.
• U0004: 2019-nCoV Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV (COVID-19), any technique, multiple types or subtypes (includes all targets), non-CDC, making use of high throughput technologies as described by CMS-2020-01-R.

Neither U0003 nor U0004 should be used to bill for tests that detect COVID-19 antibodies.

For COVID-19 tests that do not use high throughput technology, Medicare Administrative Contractors developed payment amounts (PDF) for claims in their jurisdictions that will be used until we establish national payment rates though the annual laboratory meeting process. There is no cost-sharing for Medicare patients.”

 

May 19, 2020: Special Edition MLNConnects: COVID-19: Which Laboratory Claims Require the NPI of the Ordering/Referring Professional?

“During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency, CMS is relaxing billing requirements for a limited number of laboratory tests (PDF) required for a COVID-19 diagnosis. Any health care professional authorized under state law may order these tests. Medicare will pay for these tests without a written order from the treating physician or other practitioner:

• If an order is not written, you do not need to provide the National Provider Identifier (NPI) of the ordering or referring professional on the claim
• If an order is written, include the NPI of the ordering or referring professional, consistent with current billing guidelines

For More Information:

• Laboratory Tests (PDF)with modified requirements

• Interim Final Rule”

 

May 20, 2020: COVID-19 Blanket Swing Bed Waiver for Addressing Barriers to Nursing Home Placement for Hospitalized Individuals

MLN Matters SE20018 provides answers to questions hospitals may have when looking at the option to provide post-hospital Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) swing-bed services for non-acute care patients in your hospital. Q&A’s fall into the following topics in this eight page document:

• Swing Beds and Hospitals,
• Swing Bed Waiver during the Public Health Emergency (PHE),
• Swing Beds and the Required MDS,
• Billing and Payment for Swing Bed Services, and
• Additional Information.

 

May 21, 2020: FDA COVID-19 Response At-A-Glance Summary as of May 21, 2020

This document highlights the FDA’s Activities, Recent Actions and Provides links to resources for further information about COVID-19.

 

May 22, 2020: Alabama Medicaid Alert: COVID-19 Emergency Expiration Date Extended to June 30

The Alabama Medicaid Agency provided the following information in a May 22nd Alert:

“All previously published expiration dates related to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) emergency are once again extended by the Alabama Medicaid Agency (Medicaid). The new expiration date is the earlier of June 30, 2020, the conclusion of the COVID-19 National emergency, or any expiration date noticed by the Alabama Medicaid Agency through a subsequent ALERT.

A listing of previous Provider Alerts and notices related to the health emergency is available by selecting the Agency’s COVID-19 page in the link below:  https://medicaid.alabama.gov/news_detail.aspx?ID=13729.”

 

May 22, 2020: Summary of Policies in the Calendar Year (CY) 2020 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) Public Health Emergency (PHE) Interim Final Rules

MLN Matters MM11805 provides a summary of policies in the following legislation:

• Interim Final Rule with Comment (IFC) titled “Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (CMS-1744-IFC), and
• Medicare and Medicaid Programs, Basic Health Program, and Exchanges; Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-129 Public Health Emergency and Delay for Certain Reporting Requirements for the Skilled Nursing Facility Quality Reporting Program (CMS-5531-IFC).”

The implementation date is June 12, 2020.

 

May 22, 2020: New OIG Work Plan Item Related to COVID-19: Audit of Nursing Home Infection Prevention and Control Program Deficiencies

The OIG announced the addition of the following new Active Work Plan Item related to COVID-19:

“The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has indicated that individuals at high risk for severe illness from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are people aged 65 years and older and those who live in a nursing home. Currently, more than 1.3 million residents live in approximately 15,450 Medicare- and Medicaid-certified nursing homes in the United States. As of February 2020, State Survey Agencies have cited more than 6,600 of these nursing homes (nearly 43 percent) for infection prevention and control program deficiencies, including lack of a correction plan in place for these deficiencies. To reduce the likelihood of contracting and spreading COVID-19 at these nursing homes, effective internal controls must be in place. Our objective is to determine whether selected nursing homes have programs for infection prevention and control and emergency preparedness in accordance with Federal requirements.”

The expected issue date for a report is 2020.

 

May 26, 2020: Transmittal 10161: Therapy Codes Update

CMS rescinded One-Time Notification Transmittal 10139, dated May 15, 2020 and has replaced it with One-Time Notification Transmittal 10161, dated May 26, 2020 to revise the implementation date for the MACs. Policies implemented in this notification are reflective of policies related to the following legislation:

• Interim final rule with comment (IFC) Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (CMS-1744-IFC).
• IFC Medicare and Medicaid Programs Additional Policy and Regulatory Revision in Response to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (CMS-5531-IFC); and
• The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). This CR updates the therapy code list and associated policies effective March 1, 2020, for the duration of the COVID-19 PHE.

The revised implementation date for the MACs is June 16, 2020 and July 6, 2020 for FISS.

 

May 26, 2020: OIG Strategic Plan: Oversight of COVID-19 Response and Recovery

As part of their Strategic Plan, the OIG will be “using risk assessment and data analytics to identify, monitor, and target potential fraud, waste, and abuse affecting HHS programs and beneficiaries and to promote the effectiveness of HHS’s COVID-19 response and recovery programs." The plan incorporates the following four goals:

• Goal 1: Protect People,
• Goal 2: Protect Funds,
• Goal 3: Protect Infrastructure, and
• Goal 4: Promote Effectiveness of HHS Programs – Now and into the Future.

Welcome to the fifth edition of our monthly MAC Talk article. This month before diving into updates from the MACs there are a couple of updates that have come about due to the current COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (PHE) that I wanted to share. Specifically, an NGS update about telehealth and an MLN Connects announcement regarding who can certify a home health plan of care.

 

Medicare Telehealth versus Telemedicine

On April 22, 2020 NGS included the following post in their Latest COVID-19 News:

“We have received many questions that have indicated confusion between telehealth and telemedicine, and which rules apply to which services within these two benefit categories. While there is a perceived relation between these types of services they are distinctly different.

Telemedicine refers to a group of services that may be provided to a patient without any physical patient contact. Services may be provided via a telephone (audio) connection, or via some type of online communication such as a patient/provider portal or via email interactions between the patient and practitioner. Typically, most telemedicine services are non-covered by Medicare. However, CMS has opened some of the codes for coverage during the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE).

Telehealth refers to a distinct level of established services that have traditionally been performed via a face-to-face interaction between the patient and practitioner. This group of services has been grouped together in a distinct policy that allows this limited amount of traditional face-to-face services to be performed via an audio and video connection as a replacement to the in person, face-to-face interaction. Telehealth allows the interaction to still occur face-to-face; however, it can be achieved via the audio and video connection.

This benefit was set apart as a specific addition to Medicare policy in SSA 1834(m). The criteria requires real time communication between the patient and practitioner (audio and video), the patient geographic location is in a rural or non-metropolitan statistical area (based on ZIP Code eligibility), and patient consent is required. 

The site where the patient is located is considered the originating site and may bill Q3014 to cover the cost of a professional to set up the audio and video communication system and assist with the service provided, if required. The site where the practitioner is rendering the telehealth service is known as the distant site. The practitioner will bill for the service s/he provides based on the list of approved telehealth services. All telehealth services in the benefit are professional services.

CMS issued the MLN Telehealth Booklet which explains the coverage criteria, provides a listing of eligible originating sites, and eligible distant site practitioners that may perform services via telehealth. The booklet also contains a listing of applicable procedure codes that are allowed to be performed via telehealth and information on the appropriate geographic location of the patient that is allowed for telehealth services. During the PHE, the list of services allowed to be performed via telehealth have been temporarily expanded. The MLN Telehealth Booklet includes the complete list of codes, with those that are temporarily identified as such.”

 

May 7, 2020: MLNConnects Home Health Plans of Care: NPs, CNSs and PAs Allowed to Certify

Section 3708 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (Pub. L. No. 116-136) amended sections 1814(a) and 1835(a) of the Social Security Act to allow Nurse Practitioners (NPs), certified Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs), and Physician Assistants (PAs) to certify beneficiaries for eligibility under the Medicare home health benefit and oversee their plan of care. This is a permanent change that will continue after the Public Health Emergency.

Effective for claims with dates of service on or after March 1, 2020, these non-physician practitioners may bill the following codes:

• G0179: Physician re-certification for Medicare-covered home health services under a home health plan of care (patient not present), including contacts with home health agency and review of reports of patient status required by physicians to affirm the initial implementation of the plan of care
• G0180: Physician certification for Medicare-covered home health services under a home health plan of care (patient not present), including contacts with home health agency and review of reports of patient status required by physicians to affirm the initial implementation of the plan of care
• G0181: Physician supervision of a patient receiving Medicare-covered services provided by a participating home health agency (patient not present) requiring complex and multidisciplinary care modalities involving regular physician development and/or revision of care plans

The descriptors of the three codes will be revised at a later date to include the non-physician practitioner specialties.

 

May MAC Talk: The Local Scene

 

April 22, 2020: Palmetto GBA JJ Posts TPE Progress Updates

In last month’s MAC Talk article, we included TPE Progress Updates that had been posted by Palmetto GBA for Jurisdiction M and J. Since then Palmetto GBA has posted additional articles. Following is a list of specific TPE articles released to date by Palmetto GBA JJ:

• March 25, 2020: HBO Therapy G0277,
• March 25, 2020: JJ Part A Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF),
• March 25, 2020: Therapeutic Exercise 97110,
• April 3, 2020: DRG 885 Psychoses; and
• April 3, 2020: DRG 470 Major Joint Replacement,
• April 10, 2020: Manual Therapy 97140,
• April 10, 2020: Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility (IRF) Ao604-D0604
• April 10, 2020: Pegfilgrastim J205,
• April 10, 2020: DRGs 291 and 292: Heart Failure and Shock with MCC and with CC,
• April 11, 202: Rituximab J9310,
• April 11, 2020: Infliximab J1745,
• April 11, 2020: Denosumab J0897,
• April 11, 2020: Bevacizumab J9035, and
• April 20, 2020: DRGs 682/683 – Renal Failure.

Links to all of the articles can be found on Palmetto GBA’s JJ Target Probe and Educate webpage.

 

April 24, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily Newsletter: Provider Contact Center FAQs and Reminder of Suspended Sequestration

• Palmetto GBA is publishing the following Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) based upon data analytics identifying topics generating a high volume of telephone inquiries from January 1, 2020, through March 31, 2020. We hope the answers to the questions below help you maximize your time by reducing your need to contact the Provider Contact Center (PCC). https://www.palmettogba.com/palmetto/providers.nsf/ls/JJ%20Part%20A"BNYKJU2621?opendocument
• Providers are reminded that Section 3709 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act temporarily suspends the 2% payment adjustment currently applied to all Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS) claims due to sequestration. The suspension is effective for claims with dates of service from May 1 through December 31, 2020.  https://www.palmettogba.com/palmetto/providers.nsf/vMasterDID/BNYMSN1444?opendocument

 

April 23, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily Newsletter: Clarification of Negative Reimbursement

Palmetto GBA’s April 23rd Daily Newsletter included an article about negative reimbursement. The article opens with the following: “Negative reimbursement happens when the beneficiary cost sharing, such as coinsurance and/or deductible, exceeds the reimbursement due to the provider. Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) are instructed to withhold payments if the Medicare deductible/coinsurance is more than the reimbursement rate. For example, if the set deductible for an inpatient stay is $100 and the reimbursement for the stay is $95, Medicare will show a negative $5 for the reimbursement amount. Further examples are provided in this article.”

 

April 28, 2020: Noridian Announcement: Outpatient Therapy A/B Physical, Occupational, and Speech Language Pathology Webinar – May 28, 2020

The Noridian Provider Outreach and Education (POE) staff announced they are hosting this webinar on May 28, 2020. This webinar includes:

• Certification and Re-certification,
• Coding and Billing,
• Maintenance Services,
• CMS and Noridian Resources.

They advise providers that you can sign up for this webinar and other events of interest by visiting the Noridian Schedule of Events.

 

April 29, 2020: WPS GHA Medicare eNews: June 9, 2020 Hospital Notices of Non-Coverage Webinar

WPS announced they will be hosting this webinar that will cover the different notices of non-coverage issued by hospitals and clarifies when to issue each. The following notices will be covered during this presentation:

• Hospital-Issued Notices of Noncoverage (HINNs) 1, 10, 11, and 12
• Important Message from Medicare (IM) and the Detailed Notice of Discharge (DND) (CMS-R-193 and CMS-10066)
• Medicare Outpatient Observation Notice (MOON) (CMS-10611)
• Advance Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (ABN) (CMS-R-131)

You can sign up for this course through the WPS Learning Center.

 

May 4, 2020: WPS GHA eNews: Procedure Code 94762 – Are You Billing Correctly?

In their May 4th eNews, WPS noted that procedure code 94762 represents a continuous overnight pulse oximetry service. Further, they have recently evaluated claim data for this service. The analysis compared Jurisdiction 5 (J5) and Jurisdiction 8 (J8) claim submission rates to national data. The data showed J5 providers billing Type of Bill 12X submitted this code twice as often providers in the rest of the country. WPS encourages all providers to review their records to ensure they are billing the procedure correctly. You can find information in our resource Continuous Overnight Pulse Oximetry (CPT 94762) - Evaluate Use.

 

May 4, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily eNewsletter: CERT Task Force Education Material

Palmetto GBA reminds provider that the Medicare A/B Contractor CERT Task Force is a joint effort of the Part A/B MACs to communicate national issues of concern regarding improper payments to the Medicare Program. They also encourage providers to review the CERT Task Force Educational Material available on their website and share with your staff.

 

May 5, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily eNewsletter: Spring Virtual Tour

Palmetto GBA announced they will be presenting their first ever Medicare Part A Spring Virtual Tour for Jurisdictions J and M. There will be two days of sessions with presenters from the following:

• The Provider Outreach and Education (POE) Team,
• The Appeals Department,
• Medical Review, Audit and Reimbursement,
• MCG Health, and
• C2C Solutions.

You can read more about this event and select sessions you would like to register for on the JJ/JM Part A Springing into Summer Virtual Tour 2020: June 8-9, 2020 webpage.

 

May 8, 2020: Noridian JF: Sleep Lab Credentialing: Polysomnography and Other Sleep Studies Retirement – Effective May 14, 2020

Noridian provided the following Notice in their daily eNewsletter. Even though they are retiring this article (A57698), Noridian cautions against a change in your current practice.

This coverage article has been retired under contractor numbers: 02101 (AK), 02201 (ID), 02301 (OR), 02401 (WA), 03101 (AZ), 03201 (MT), 03301 (ND), 03401 (SD), 03501 (UT), and 03601 (WY).

Effective Date: May 14, 2020
Summary: Coverage articles may be retired due to lack of evidence of current problems or CMS may have issued guidance regarding national coverage. The Noridian guidance in the retired article may still be helpful in assessing medical necessity. Where providers have adjusted their billing and coding practices to correspond to the guidance in a coverage article, they will want to be very careful in departing from these practices just because the article is retired. Provider offices remain responsible for correct performance, coding, billing, and medical necessity under Medicare. This responsibility for correct claims submission is unchanged whether or not there is a coverage article in place.

Note: Noridian JE also announced the retirement of their Polysomnography and Other Sleep Studies Article (A57697) effective May 14, 2020.

 

May 15, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily Newsletter: Medical Review (MR) Hot Topic Targeted Probe and Educate (TPE) Webcast

Palmetto will be hosting this webcast on June 1, 2020. Their Medical Review subject matter experts will be available to discuss and answer questions about the current TPE model. This announcement includes a link for you to register for this event.

 

May 15, 2020: Palmetto GBA Daily Newsletter: Appeals and Clerical Error Reopenings Module 

Palmetto notes this “updated module provides education on correcting incomplete and/or invalid submissions, correcting claims with medically denied lines, clerical error reopening, and redetermination requests. There is also a further explanation on the submission of documentation for a clerical error reopening (bilateral procedure) and on adding late charges during the appeal process. A new section, Correcting Inpatient Discharge Status, was added to the module. Please review the updated module and share it with your staff.”

Last week’s Wednesday@One included an article providing details about the CMS Prior Authorization Program for certain hospital outpatient department (ODP) services. As a reminder this program will begin for services provided on or after July 1, 2020. We have continued to follow Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) websites for news about the program. This article provides details about which MACs have scheduled provider education. Also included in this article, are tables posted on two different MACs websites that provide links to applicable Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) and Articles.

 

J15 MAC: CGS Administrators, LLC (CGS)
Jurisdiction Area: Kentucky, Ohio

CGS is providing a webinar to introduce the new prior authorization program for certain hospital outpatient services on Thursday May 21, 2020 at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time. You can go to the CGS Part A Calendar of Events to register for this webinar.

CGS has also created an OPD Prior Authorization webpage in the Medical Review section of their website. Currently you will find a list of applicable HCPCS codes. Also, Process and Results are “coming soon!” to this webpage.

 

JN MAC: First Coast Service Options, Inc.
Jurisdiction Area: Florida, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands

On May 4th First Coast reminded providers that the CMS is implementing a prior authorization program for the following hospital outpatient department services for dates of service on or after July 1, 2020:

• Blepharoplasty, eyelid surgery, brow lift, and related services,
• Botulinum toxin injections,
• Panniculectomy, excision of excess skin and subcutaneous tissue (including lipectomy), and related services,
• Rhinoplasty and related services, and
• Vein ablation and related services.

First Coast will be hosting two webcasts in which they will review the guidelines for submitting a Prior Authorization Request (PAR) and the potential results and options available. Specialists will be present to answer questions relating to the process. The dates for the webcasts are Thursday, May 28th and Thursday, June 11th. To register for a webcast you can go to the First Coast events calendar under their Education Section of their website (https://medicare.fcso.com/index.asp). To learn more the Prior Authorization Program you can look under the Medical Review section of the website.

 

First Coast JN: Documentation Guidance

First Coast has posted the following table on their website to provide more information on coverage and documentation requirements.

‍JK and J6 MAC: National Government Services, Inc. (NGS)
JK Jurisdiction Area: Connecticut, New York, Main, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
J6 Jurisdiction Area: Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin

As of Monday May 18th, MMP was unable to find any information about this program or planned provider education on the NGS website.

 

JE and JF MAC: Noridian Healthcare Solutions, LLC (Noridian)
JE Jurisdiction Area: California, Hawaii, Nevada, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands
JF Jurisdiction Area: Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming

Noridian will be hosting webinars on the following dates:

• May 28, 2020,
• June 4, 2020,
• June 10, 2020,
• June 18, 2020, and
• June 24, 2020.

This Provider Outreach and Education (POE) webinar will include the following:

• Overview,
• Authorization Process,
• Submitting Prior Authorization Request,
• Services Requiring Prior Authorization,
• Advanced Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (ABN)
• Cosmetics, and
• Resources

Link to Webinar Announcement on JE website: https://med.noridianmedicare.com/web/jea/article-detail/-/view/10521/prior-authorization-for-certain-hospital-outpatient-department-opd-services-webinars

Link to Webinar Announcement on JF website: https://med.noridianmedicare.com/web/jfa/article-detail/-/view/10529/prior-authorization-for-certain-hospital-outpatient-department-opd-services-webinars

JH and JL MACs: Novitas Solutions, Inc. (Novitas)
JH Jurisdiction Area: Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi 
JL Jurisdiction Area: Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania

Novitas will be hosting a webinar on Thursday May 28, 2020. This webinar will review the details and submission guidelines for the Prior Authorization (PA) program for certain hospital outpatient department (OPD) services being implemented by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) effective June 17, 2020, for dates of service on or after July 1, 2020, nationwide. CMS believes prior authorization for certain hospital OPD services will ensure that Medicare beneficiaries continue to receive medically necessary care while protecting the Medicare trust fund from improper payments and keeping the medical necessity documentation requirements unchanged for providers. You can register for this webinar on the Novitas Medicare Part A Educational Event Calendar webpage at: https://www.novitas-solutions.com/webcenter/portal/MedicareJH/pagebyid?contentId=00008010

 

Novitas JH and JL: Documentation Guidance:

Similar to First Coast, Novitas has posted the following table on their website providing more information on coverage and documentation requirements.

‍JJ and JM MAC: Palmetto GBA, LLC (Palmetto)
JJ Jurisdiction Area: Alabama, Georgia, And Tennessee
JM Jurisdiction Area: North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia

On May 13th Palmetto release an article letting providers know they will be providing a two-part webcast on May 26, 2020 regarding the Outpatient Department (OPD) Prior Authorization (PA) program. The first session will be an overview of the program and begins at 10 a.m. ET. The second session will begin at 1 p.m. ET and will discuss “Medical Necessity.” These webcasts are available for Medicare Part A and Part B providers. Links to register for both sessions are included in the Article.  

The next day on May 14th, Palmetto included in their Daily Newsletter the following article specific to the procedures in this program:

• Blepharoplasty and Blepharoptosis Repair
• Panniculectomy
• Rhinoplasty
• Vein Ablation and Related Services 

All of the articles include details about documentation requirements and a procedure specific Documentation Checklist.

J5 and J8 MAC: Wisconsin Physician Service Government Health Administrators (WPS)
J5 Jurisdiction Area: Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
J8 Jurisdiction Area: Indiana, Michigan

WPS has scheduled a teleconference that will cover the new prior authorization process, the services specific to this process, and the responsibilities of both the physician and the facility. This training is intended for J5 and J8 Part A/B providers billing on a UB-04/CMS-1500 or electronic equivalent. There will be two different sessions both held on June 10, 2020. The first teleconference will be from 10:00 AM – 11:30 AM CT and the second session will be from 1:00 PM – 2:30 PM CT. You can sign up for these sessions on the WPS Learning Center at: http://wpsghalearningcenter.com/login.

MMP remains committed to continuing to monitor for COVID-19 updates specific to our reader base. This week we highlight key updates spanning from May 12th through May 15th.  

Resource Spotlight This Week:

This week’s spotlight is on a May 4th pdf document titled COVID-19 Regulations & Waivers to Enable Health System Expansion highlighting how CMS has enabled significant health system flexibility during the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (PHE) through Medicare 1135 blanket waivers and the passage of two interim final rules. You can also find this presentation on the CMS Coronavirus Waivers and Flexibilities webpage. 

May 12, 2020: Price Transparency Requirement to Post Cash Prices Online for COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing

In a May 12 Special Edition MLNConnects newsletter, CMS noted the following regarding Price Transparency Requirements:

“The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act includes a number of provisions to provide relief to the public from issues caused by the pandemic, including price transparency for COVID -19 testing. Section 3202(b) of the CARES Act requires providers of diagnostic tests for COVID-19 to post the cash price for a COVID-19 diagnostic test on their website from March 27 through the end of the public health emergency. For more information, see the FAQs. (PDF).”

CMS has also posted a Q&A Document specific to the Price Transparency Requirement.

May 13, 2020: CMS Issues Nursing Homes Best Practices Toolkit to Combat COVID-19

This Toolkit includes recommendations and best practices from front line health care providers, governors’ COVID-19 task forces, associations, organizations and experts. It is intended to provide a catalogue of resources dedicated to address challenges facing nursing homes in the fight against COVID-19. You can read more in a related CMS Press Release.

May 14, 2020: FDA Informs Public about Possible Accuracy Concerns with Abbott ID NOW Point-of-Care Test for COVID-19

The FDA Alert indicates that early data suggests potential inaccurate results from using this point-of-care to diagnose COVID-19. Specifically, the test may return false negative results. They will continue to work with Abbott and communicate any updates publicly.

May 14, 2020: FDA Health Advisory Issued: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Association with COVID-19

The CDC issued an official Health Advisory alert providing background information on several cases of a recently reported MIS-C associated with COVID-19 and a case definition of the syndrome. “CDC recommends healthcare providers report any patient who meets the case definition to local, state, and territorial health departments to enhance knowledge of risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical course, and treatment of this syndrome.”

The Case Definition for MIS-C includes the following:

• An individual aged <21 years presenting with fever, laboratory evidence of inflammation, and evidence of clinically severe illness requiring hospitalization, with multisystem (>2) organ involvement (cardiac, renal, respiratory, hematologic, gastrointestinal, dermatologic or neurological); AND
• No alternative plausible diagnoses; AND
• Positive for current or recent SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR, serology, or antigen test; or COVID-19 exposure within the 4 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms

May 14, 2020: Health Affairs Research Article: Strong Social Distancing Measures in the United States Reduced the COVID-19 Growth Rate

Economists at the University of Kentucky evaluated the impact of imposed social distancing measures on growth rate of confirmed COVID-19 cases across US counties in March and April of 2020. The end date of this study was April 27 as this date coincided with the re-opening of restaurants and other entertainment facilities in Georgia. Results of this study imply there would have been more than 35 times greater spread of the disease without any of the social distancing measures having been put into place.

May 15, 2020: American College of Surgeons (ACS) Post-COVID-19 Readiness Checklist for Resuming Surgery

The ACS developed this checklist “to help surgeons ultimately communicate to their patients the important items they want to know. You can read the full announcement and download a print-friendly version of the checklist on the ACS website at https://www.facs.org/covid-19/checklist.

May 15, 2020: OCR Bulletin: Ensuring the Rights of Persons with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) in Health Care During COVID-19

This OCR Bulletin reminds health care providers that they “must take reasonable steps to provide meaningful access to individuals with LEP eligible to be served or likely to be encountered in their health programs and activities. This longstanding obligation is not waived during a National Emergency.” You will find suggestions for providing meaningful access for persons with LEP and links to several available resources.

May 15, 2020: Special Edition MLNConnects: Deadline Approaching for Nursing Homes to Report Confirmed and Suspected COVID-19 Cases

The April 30th Interim Final Rule with Comment Period requires nursing homes to begin reporting data to the CDC no later than Sunday May 17th. Facilities have to enroll in the CDC’s National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) to report data. “As nursing homes report this data to the CDC, CMS will be taking swift action and publicly posting this information so all Americans have access to accurate and timely information on COVID-19 in nursing homes. More information on the CDC’s NHSN COVID-19 module can be found here.”

May 15, 2020: Special Edition MLNConnects: Telephone Evaluation and Management Visits

“The March 30 Interim Final Rule with Comment Period added coverage during the Public Health Emergency for audio-only telephone evaluation and management visits (CPT codes 99441, 99442, and 99443) retroactive to March 1. On April 30, a new Physician Fee Schedule was implemented increasing the payment rate for these codes. Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) will reprocess claims for those services that they previously denied and/or paid at the lower rate.

There are also a number of add on services (CPT codes 90785, 90833, 90836, 90838, 96160, 96161, 99354, 99355, and G0506) which Medicare may have denied during this Public Health Emergency. MACs will reprocess those claims for dates of service on or after March 1.

You do not need to do anything.”

May 17, 2020: New CDC Activities and Initiatives Supporting the COVID-19 Response and the President’s Plan for Opening America Up Again – May 2020

This CDC Document was posted to the CDC website on May 17th. In addition to highlighting CDC activities and initiatives, this document includes the following appendices:

• Appendix A: Surveillance for COVID-19,
• Appendix B:Healthcare System Surveillance,
• Appendix C: Guidance on Infection Control and Contact Tracing,
• Appendix D: Guidance on Test Usage (Asymptomatic Populations and Serology),
• Appendix E: Assessing Surveillance and Hospital Gating Indicators, and
• Appendix F: Setting Specific Guidance.

Appendix F offers interim guidance for child care programs, interim guidance for schools and day camps, interim guidance for employers with workers at high risk, interim guidance for restaurants and bars, and interim guidance for mass transit administrators. The CDC notes the guidance in Appendix F is meant to assist establishments as they open. Further, they will update guidance as more is learned about COVID-19 and best practices to prevent its spread.

The SARS-CoV-2 "Coronavirus" outbreak has necessitated a response that has produced information at a prodigious rate. It is almost impossible for one person to be able to keep up with so many changes.

There is a wealth of information from many sources (i.e. the CMS, CDC and FDA) that has been released about COVID-19. This guidance has been updated and added to often. Finding the time to sort through what is available while carrying out your daily responsibilities can be a challenge. To that end, this Resource Guide is meant to provide you with key information and links to key resources where you can check for ongoing updates. Specifically, this guide primarily provides coding and billing guidance that has been implemented for COVID-19.

(Last updated: June 3, 2020)

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

Jig-Saw Puzzles: Gathering all of the Pieces

Depending on the size of a jig-saw puzzle, putting it together successfully can be a very simple or daunting task. Keys to success include having a clear picture of what the puzzle is supposed to look like and not being left with missing pieces.

CMS finalized a Prior Authorization Program for certain hospital procedures in the Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS)/Ambulatory Surgery Center (ASC) CY 2020 Final Rule. Since then I have been waiting for sub-regulatory guidance to provide additional “puzzle pieces” needed for Provider success with this Program.

CMS released the first puzzle piece on April 24, 2020 in the form of a One-Time Notification (Transmittal 10061/Change Request (CR) 11671) titled Provider Education for Required Prior Authorization (PA) of Hospital Outpatient Department (OPD) Services. This CR provides Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) with instructions for provider education regarding this Program. The CR also includes a template letter to be sent to Providers, a template letter to be sent to Practitioners, and a table of the HCPCS procedure codes included in this Program. The effective and implementation date of this CR is May 26, 2020.

So now we wait for additional puzzle pieces from the MACs. While we wait, this article is meant to equip you with additional puzzle pieces from the Final Rule, data analysis for Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee utilizing RealTime Medicare Data (RTMD) Medicare Fee-for-Service paid claims data and leave you with potential next steps for implementing a process at your hospital.

Puzzle Piece: CMS Data Analysis

A significant “piece” of CMS’ responsibility to protect the Medicare Trust Funds is data analysis. Specific to the Prior Authorization Program, CMS noted in the Final Rule that they had conducted a compare of “the total number of Medicare beneficiaries served by providers to help ensure the continued appropriateness of payment for services furnished in the hospital outpatient department (OPD).” Following are highlights from CMS’ data analysis in the CY 2020 OPPS/ASC Final Rule:

• CMS “targeted services that represent procedures that are likely to be cosmetic surgical procedures and/or are directly related to cosmetic surgical procedures that are not covered by Medicare, but may be combined with or masquerading as therapeutic services.”
• Over 1.1 billion OPD claims were reviewed during the 11-year period from 2007 through 2017.
• On average, the overall rate of OPD claims submitted for payment increased annually by an average rate of 3.2 percent.
• The 3.2 percent increase equated to an increase in claims submitted for payment from approximately 90 million in 2007 to approximately 118 million in 2017.
• On average, the annual rate-of-increase in the Medicare allowed amount (“the amount that Medicare would pay for services regardless of external variables, such as beneficiary plan differences, deductibles, and appeals”) was 8.2 percent.
• The 8.2 percent equated to an increase in the total Medicare allowed for OPD services claims from $31 billion in 2007 to $65 billion in 2017.
• The 8.2 percent increase exceeded the average per year overall health care spending increase of 5.8 percent during 2007 through 2017.
• During this same time, the average annual increase in the number of Medicare beneficiaries per year was only 1.1 percent.
• Higher than expected volumes were found in five general categories of services (blepharoplasty, Botulinum toxin injections, panniculectomy, rhinoplasty, and vein ablation).

CMS believes “the increases in volume associated with certain covered OPD services described…are unnecessary because the data show that the volume of utilization of these services far exceeds what would be expected in light of the average rate-of-increase in the number of Medicare beneficiaries.”

Puzzle Piece: Program Definitions

• Prior Authorization Request (PAR): a process through which a request for provisional affirmation of coverage is submitted to CMS or its contractors for review before the service is provided to the beneficiary and before the claim is submitted.
• Provisional Affirmation: A preliminary finding that a future claim for the service will meet Medicare’s coverage, coding, and payment rules.
• List of Services: The list of hospital outpatient department services requiring prior authorization. This list includes blepharoplasty, Botulinum toxin injections, panniculectomy, rhinoplasty, and vein ablation.

Puzzle Piece: About the Program

• The implementation date for this program is July 1, 2020.
• Prior authorization for the five categories of services listed above will be a condition of Medicare payment.
• A PAR will need to include all documentation necessary to show the service meets applicable Medicare coverage, coding and payment rules.
• Claims submitted that require prior authorization that have not received a provisional affirmation of coverage will be denied.
• A provisional affirmation does not preclude a claim being denied due to a technical requirement that could only be evaluated after the claim has been submitted for formal processing or information not available at the time of the prior authorization request is received.
• MACs will be the Contractor reviewing PARs for compliance with applicable Medicare coverage, coding, and payment rules.
• An issuance of Affirmation or Non-Affirmation is to be issued by the MAC within 10 business days of a request.
• The Program will allow a PAR for an “expedited review when a delay could seriously jeopardize the beneficiary’s life, health, or ability to regain maximum function.” Documentation to support this must be submitted with the request.
• Expedited reviews are to be completed by the MAC within 2 business days.
• If a provider receives a Non-Affirmation they are allowed to resubmit a request with additional relevant documentation.
• Non-affirmations are not appealable, but the provider will receive a detailed explanation as to why the request was non-affirmed can resubmit an unlimited number of requests.
• When a claim is submitted without provisional affirmation, it will be denied. The denial is considered an initial determination and the provider may submit a redetermination request.
• Claims associated with or related to a service for which a claim denial is issued will also be denied. These associated services include, but are not limited to, services such as anesthesiology services, physician services, and/or facility services. The associated claims would be denied whether a non-affirmation was received or the provider did not request a prior authorization request.

Puzzle Piece: Potential Provider Exemption

• CMS may elect to exempt a provider from the PA process if a provider demonstrates compliance with Medicare coverage, coding, and payment rules.
• Providers achieving a prior authorization provisional affirmation threshold of at least 90 percent during a semiannual assessment would be exempted.
• An exemption would remain in effect until CMS elects to withdraw the exemption.
• CMS anticipates that exemptions will take approximately 60 calendar days to effectuate.
• If evidence becomes available based on claims reviews that a provider has begun to submit claims not payable based on Medicare’s coverage, coding and payment rules then CMS might withdraw an exemption.
• If the rate of non-payable claims submitted becomes higher than 10 percent during a semiannual assessment, CMS will consider withdrawing an exemption.

Puzzle Piece: CMS Response to Comments

• Why the Prior Authorization Program is limited to Hospital ODPs: At this time, this process is limited to hospital OPDs as the program is being adopted as part of the OPPS Final Rule. CMS will monitor data and consider additional program integrity oversight if shifts to other settings for these procedures occur (i.e., Ambulatory Surgery Centers).
• Why Choose the Prior Authorization Process? CMS believes “that the use of prior authorization in the OPD context will be an effective tool in controlling unnecessary increases in the volume of covered OPD services by ensuring that the correct payments are made for medically necessary OPD services.”
• Who is Responsible for Obtaining Prior Authorization? CMS indicated that “in light of the different arrangement that could exist I different hospitals, we determined that enabling either the physician or the hospital to submit the prior authorization request on behalf of the hospital outpatient department was the best approach, though the hospital ultimately remains responsible for ensuring this condition of payment is met.”
• Communicating Prior Authorization Decisions as Unique Tracking Number (UTN): All PARs submitted will be assigned a UTN. The UTN must be included on any claim submitted for the services listed. The UTN will be used to verify compliance with the prior authorization process.
• Claim Denials to Include Associated Claims: “Any claims associated with or related to a service that requires prior authorization for which a claim denial is issued would also be denied. These associated services include, but are not limited to, services such as anesthesiology services, physician services, and/or facility services.”
• Claims could still be reviewed by CERT and OIG: It is possible for a claim subject to prior authorization to fall within a CERT sample. In this situation, the claim would not be protected from the CERT audit. In addition, the Office of Inspector General’s (OIG) authority to audit claims is not impacted by the protection from future audits provided by the provisional affirmation prior authorization decision.
• Non-Affirmations: Impact on Care for the Beneficiary: With regard to the impact on care for those beneficiaries for which hospitals receive non-affirmations, CMS specifically chose services that are often cosmetic and believes that it is appropriate to deny such services in the case of a non-affirmation, because a non-affirmation would indicate that Medicare’s coverage, coding, and/or payment rules for the service are not being met.
• How often are Prior Authorization Requests Affirmed? Our experience in our other prior authorization and pre-claim review processes has been that approximately 95 percent of submissions are affirmed within two requests, and that the impact of non-affirmation decisions has been minimal for necessary, covered services.
• Prior Authorization for a Specific Course of Treatment: CMS acknowledged that there are circumstances when a prior authorization could apply for a specific course of treatment such a botulinum toxin injections and will allow for prior authorization requests for a number of treatments over a specific period of time.

Puzzle Piece: RealTime Medicare Data (RTMD) Claims Analysis

As I so often do, I turned to our sister company RTMD to have an understanding of the actual volume of claims that will be impacted by this Program. Specifically, I reviewed all paid claims for the applicable HCPSC codes for calendar year 2019 for the Jurisdiction J MAC (Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee).

 

Puzzle Piece: CMS March 2020 MLN Booklet – Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System (ICN MLN006820)

This MLN Booklet was updated in March of this year. In the Innovation section of the booklet, CMS informs the reader that beginning July 1, 2020, you must request prior authorization for the outpatient department services in the Program and that medical necessity documentation requirements remain the same. So, unless something unforeseen happens between now and July 1, it appears the Prior Authorization requirement is a go.

Missing Puzzle Piece: CMS Additional Resources

CMS informs Providers and Physicians in the template letters to be sent by the MACs that “To facilitate open and ongoing dialogue with both patients and physician/practitioners, and to support program transparency, CMS has established a dedicated website for prior authorization program for Certain Hospital Outpatient Department (OPD) Services with comprehensive information for patients, suppliers, and physician/practitioners at: https://www.cms.gov/research-statistics-data-systems/medicare-fee-service-compliance-programs/prior-authorization-initiatives/prior-authorization-certain-hospital-outpatient-department-opd-services.”

CMS has indicated that they will post additional information about this program on this website. However, at the time this article was written, the last time this webpage was modified was January 17, 2020. I encourage you to check this webpage often for any additional information.

Missing Puzzle Piece: MAC Provider and Physician Education

Also, at the time this article was written, First Coast Services the JN MAC for Florida was the only MAC to have posted information about this program on their website.

The first “piece” of information was a May 1st article under the Part A Medical Review section of their website that includes a background and general information about the program and a table of applicable Local Coverage Determinations and Local Articles for the procedures included in this program.

The second “piece” of information was an announcement to participate in one of two webcasts to learn about the prior authorization program. (Thursday, May 28 or Thursday, June 11). Providers can access information about this event under the Education section of their website.

Putting the Puzzle Pieces Together

Now that you are equipped with many of the “pieces” for success and July 1st is less than two months away following are things to consider as you put your processes in place:

• Decide who the key stakeholders are that need to be involved in this process? (i.e., Outpatient Department Nurse Manager, Scheduling, Physicians performing these procedures, Physician Advisor, etc.)
• Work with your IT Department to understand the anticipated volume at your hospital and identify which Physicians are performing these procedures.
• Several other insurance plans already requires prior authorization for these procedures. With that in mind, determine who is currently completing this process at your hospital. Is it feasible for them to incorporate prior authorization for Medicare claims in their process?
• Who needs to receive education about this program (i.e. Physicians performing the procedures, Outpatient Department Staff, Chief Medical Officer, and Physician Advisors)?
• How will the Prior Authorization UTN be communicated to the Physician Office and Hospital Billing Department?
• Identify applicable Medicare Coverage Determinations (NCDs, LCDs, and Articles) specific for the procedures included in this program?
• Who will be responsible for the Appeals Process if a claim is denied?

MMP has sent a question to Palmetto GBA the JJ and JM MAC to find out what their plan is for education. In the meantime we will continue to monitor the CMS and MAC websites and provide you with any additional “puzzle pieces” in future Wednesday@One newsletters. 

MMP remains committed to continuing to monitor for COVID-19 updates specific to our reader base. This week we highlight key updates that span from May 5th through May 11th.

 

May 5, 2020: Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) Groups are Exploiting the COVID-19 Pandemic

The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the United Kingdom’s National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) released a Joint Alert highlighting ongoing activity by APT groups against organizations involved in national and international COVID-19 responses. In addition to this alert including a link to a graphical summary of joint alerts, the May 5th alert also includes information about the following:

• COVID-19 Related Targeting,
• Targeting of pharmaceutical and research organizations, and
• COVID-19 Related Password Spraying Activity.

 

May 5, 2020: FDA Continues to Update FAQs on Testing for SARS-CoV-2

The FDA has recently added several FAQs to their growing list of questions related to Testing for SARS-CoV-2. As of May 5th, FAQs Topics available on this webpage include the following:

• What Laboratories and Manufacturers are Offering Tests for COVID-19?
• General FAQs
• What If I Do Not Have...?
• Clinical Laboratory Diagnostic Test FAQs
• Test Kit Manufacturer Diagnostic Test FAQs
• Serology/Antibody Test FAQs

The FDA plans to update this page regularly and provides the opportunity for you to sign up for email alerts.

 

May 5, 2020: OCR Issues Guidance on Covered Health Care Providers and Restrictions on Media Access to Protected Health Information (PHI) about Individuals in Their Families

This Guidance was issued to remind covered health care providers that the HIPAA Privacy Rule does not permit giving media and film crews access to facilities where patients’ PHI will be accessible without the patients’ prior authorization. Per the OCR Director Roger Severino, “The last thing hospital patient’s need to worry about during the COVID-19 crisis is a film crew walking around their bed shooting ‘B-roll…Hospitals and health care providers must get authorization from patients before giving the media access to their medical information, obscuring faces after the fact just doesn’t cut it.”

 

May 6, 2020: Memorandum (QSO-20-29-NH): Interim Final Rule Updating Requirements for Notification of Confirmed and Suspected COVID-19 Cases Among Residents and Staff in Nursing Homes

In addition to CMS indicating an interim Final Rule is to be published May 8, 2020, the Memorandum Summary also included the following:

• COVID-19 Reporting Requirements: CMS is requiring NHs to report COVID-19 facility data to the CDC and to residents, their representatives, and families of residents in facilities.
• Enforcement: failure to report in accordance with 42 CFR 483.80(g) can result in an enforcement action.
• Updated Survey Tools: CMS has updated survey for Nursing Homes to reflect COVID-19 reporting requirements.
• COVID-19 Tags:
• F884: COVID-19 Report to CDC
• F885: COVID-19 Reporting to Residents, their Representatives, and Families
• Transparency: CMS will begin posting data from the CDC National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) for viewing by facilities, stakeholder, or the general public. The COVID-19 public use fill will be available on https://data.cms.gov/.

Enforcement Actions specific to COVID-19 Tag F885: If it is determined that facility failed to comply with the requirement to report COVID-19 related information to the CDC, this will result in an enforcement action. Regulations require a minimum of weekly reporting, and noncompliance with this requirement will receive a deficiency citation and results in a civil monetary penalty (CMP) imposition.

• Facilities will have an initial two-week grace period to begin reporting cases in the NSHN system (period ends 11:59 p.m. on May 24, 2020).
• Facilities that fail to being reporting after the third week (by 11:59 p.m. on May 31st) will receive a warning letter reminding them to begin reporting required information to the CDC.
• Facilities that have not started reporting in the NSHN system by 11:59 p.m. on June 7th, CMS will impose a per day (PD) CMP of $1,000 for one day for failure to report that week.
• For each subsequent week that a facility fails to submit the required report, the noncompliance will results in an additional one-day PD CMP imposed at an amount increased by $500.

 

May 7, 2020: New YouTube Video with Guidance for Certifying Deaths Due to COVID-19

The National Centers for Health Statistics (NCHS) is responding to COVID-19 with new resources to monitor and report deaths. On April 2nd the document Guidance for Certifying Deaths Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was posted on the CDC’s National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Death Data and Reporting Guidance webpage. This document provides guidance to death certifiers on proper cause-of-death certification for cases where confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection resulted in death. You can also find provisional death counts for COVID-19 (updated daily Monday through Friday) and NVSS COVID-19 Alerts on this webpage.

On May 8th the CDC announced that to supplement the previous published guidance, the CDC and NCHS has released a short video via the NCHS YouTube channel. The video runs about three minutes and can be accessed here. 

 

May 7, 2020: MLNConnects: COVID-19 Modified Ordering Requirements for Laboratory Billing

During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency, CMS is relaxing billing requirements for laboratory tests (PDF) required for a COVID-19 diagnosis. Any health care professional authorized under state law may order tests. Medicare will pay for tests without a written order from the treating physician or other practitioner:

• If an order is not written, an ordering or referring National Provider Identifier (NPI) is not required on the claim
• If an order is written, include the NPI of the ordering or referring professional, consistent with current billing guidelines

For More Information:

• Laboratory Tests (PDF) with modified requirements
• Interim Final Rule

 

May 7, 2020: MLNConnects: New Coronavirus Specimen Collection Code

To identify and pay for specimen collection for COVID-19 testing, CMS established a new Level II HCPCS code for billing Medicare under the Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS).

The new code, C9803, Hospital outpatient clinic visit specimen collection for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) (coronavirus disease [covid-19]), any specimen source, is effective for services provided on or after March 1, 2020. 

OPPS claims received on or after May 1, 2020, with Coronavirus Specimen Collection HCPCS Codes G2023 and G2024 will be returned to you with edit W7062. Resubmit returned claims as a packaged service to include Code C9803, when appropriate.

 

May 8, 2020: OIG Updates FAQs – Application of OIG’s Administrative Enforcement Authorities to Arrangements Directly Connected to the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency

On May 8th the following question was answered on the OIG’s COVID-19 FAQs webpage:

• During the time period subject to the COVID-19 Declaration, can a clinical laboratory that bills Federal health care programs for laboratory tests to diagnose COVID-19 pay a retail pharmacy a fee for certain costs that the retail pharmacy incurs related to testing collection sites?

The OIG is accepting inquiries from the health care community regarding the application of OIG's administrative enforcement authorities, including the Federal anti-kickback statute and civil monetary penalty (CMP) provision prohibiting inducements to beneficiaries (Beneficiary Inducements CMP).2 If you have a question regarding how OIG would view an arrangement that is directly connected to the public health emergency and implicates these authorities, please submit your question to OIGComplianceSuggestions@oig.hhs.gov.

 

May 8, 2020: Medicare Pharmacies and Other Suppliers May Temporarily Enroll as Independent Clinical Diagnostic Laboratories to Help Address COVID-19 Testing

Special Edition MLN Matters article SE20017 provides information for Pharmacies and other suppliers on how to enroll temporarily as an independent clinical diagnostic laboratory during the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (PHE). This opportunity is open to Pharmacies and other suppliers currently enrolled in Medicare and those who are not currently enrolled in Medicare.

 

May 8, 2020: Telehealth Video: Medicare Coverage and Payment of Virtual Services

CMS has posted an updated video providing answers to common questions about the expanded Medicare telehealth services benefit under the 1135 waiver authority and Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act.

 

May 8, 2020: MLN Matters MM11784: Extension of Payment for Section 3712 of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act)

Information in MM11784 affects supplies billing MACs for DMEPOS items and services provided to Medicare beneficiaries. Specifically, this article provides information about the implementation of the new April 2020 DMEPOS fee schedule amounts based on changes mandated by Section 372 (b) of the CARES Act.

 

May 11, 2020: Expanded Ability for Hospitals to Offer Long-term Care Services (“Swing Beds”)

On May 11th, CMS added additional blanket waivers to their COVID-19 Emergency Declaration Blanket Waivers for Health Care Providers. CMS has indicated which blanket waivers are new since the 4/30 release of this document. Following is the details enabling hospitals to provide “swing bed” services:

Expanded Ability for Hospitals to Offer Long-term Care Services (“Swing-Beds”) for Patients Who do not Require Acute Care but do Meet the Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF) Level of Care Criteria as Set Forth at 42 CFR 409.31. (New since 4/30 Release)

Under section 1135(b)(1) of the Act, CMS is waiving the requirements at 42 CFR 482.58, “Special Requirements for hospital providers of long-term care services (“swing-beds”)” subsections (a)(1)-(4) “Eligibility”, to allow hospitals to establish SNF swing beds payable under the SNF prospective payment system (PPS) to provide additional options for hospitals with patients who no longer require acute care but are unable to find placement in a SNF.

In order to qualify for this waiver, hospitals must:

• Not use SNF swing beds for acute level care.
• Comply with all other hospital conditions of participation and those SNF provisions set out at 42 CFR 482.58(b) to the extent not waived.
• Be consistent with the state’s emergency preparedness or pandemic plan.

Hospitals must call the CMS Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) enrollment hotline to add swing bed services. The hospital must attest to CMS that:

• They have made a good faith effort to exhaust all other options
• There are no skilled nursing facilities within the hospital’s catchment area that under normal circumstances would have accepted SNF transfers, but are currently not willing to accept or able to take patients because of the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE);
• The hospital meets all waiver eligibility requirements; and
• They have a plan to discharge patients as soon as practicable, when a SNF bed becomes available, or when the PHE ends, whichever is earlier.

This waiver applies to all Medicare enrolled hospitals, except psychiatric and long term care hospitals that need to provide post-hospital SNF level swing-bed services for non-acute care patients in hospitals, so long as the waiver is not inconsistent with the state’s emergency preparedness or pandemic plan. The hospital shall not bill for SNF PPS payment using swing beds when patients require acute level care or continued acute care at any time while this waiver is in effect. This waiver is permissible for swing bed admissions during the COVID-19 PHE with an understanding that the hospital must have a plan to discharge swing bed patients as soon as practicable, when a SNF bed becomes available, or when the PHE ends, whichever is earlier.”

Following is a list of the additional new blanket waivers since the 4/30 release of this CMS document:

• Hospitals Classified as Sole Community Hospitals (SCHs): CMS is waving distance requirements, “market share” and bed requirements for the duration of the Public Health Emergency.
• Hospitals Classified as Medicare-Dependent, Small Rural Hospitals (MDHs): CMS is waiving the eligibility requirement that the hospital has 100 or fewer beds during the cost reporting period and the requirement that at least 60 percent of the hospital’s inpatient days or discharges were attributable to individuals entitled to Medicare Part A benefits during the specified hospital cost reporting period.
• Paid Feeding Assistance: CMS is modifying the minimum training timeframe requirements from 8 hours to 1 hour in length.
• Occupational Therapists (OTs), Physical Therapists (PTs) and Speech Language Pathologists (SLPs) to Perform Initial and Comprehensive Assessment for all Patients
• Furnishing Dialysis Services on the Main Premises: CMS is waiving the requirement that dialysis facilities provide services directly on its main premises or on other premises that are contiguous with the main premises.
• Specific Life Safety Code (LSC) for Multiple Providers: CMS is waiving and modifying requirements related to Alcohol-based Hand-Rub (ABHR) Dispensers, Fire Drills, and Temporary Construction.

MMP encourages you to read about all of the new blanket waivers.

MMP remains committed to continuing to monitor for COVID-19 updates specific to our reader base. This week we highlight key updates that span from April 23rd through April 30th.  

 

Coronavirus.gov Website

This week’s COVID-19 resource spotlight is the Coronavirus.gov website at

https://www.coronavirus.gov/. Specifically, there are two resources available on this website that I want to point out. First is the COVID-19 Screening Tool.  This tool can help you understand what to do next about COVID-19. Second, is the State Information where you can choose a state to see COVID-19 specific guidance from that state’s health department. Both of these resources can be found by clicking “Check for Symptoms” on the homepage.  

 

April 23, 2020: COVID-19 FAQs on Medicare Fee-for-Service (FFS) Billing – Updated

On April 9, 2020 CMS announced in Special Edition MLN Connects that the COVID-19 FAQs have been updated. They advise that you check this resource often as it is updated on a regular basis. They noted that a date is added at the end of an FAQ when it is new or the content has been updated. As of Thursday April 23th this document is now 41 pages. The following list highlights the newest FAQ topics in the document:

• Payment for specimen collection for purposed of COVID-19 testing,
• Diagnostic laboratory services,
• Hospital services,
• Ambulance services,
• Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs),
• NEW: Expansion of Virtual Communication Services for FQHCs/RHCs,
• NEW: Revision of the Home Health Agency Shortage Area Requirement for Visiting Nursing Services Furnished by RHCs and FQHCs,
• Medicare telehealth. (CMS notes this document does not include flexibilities that might be exercised under the CARES Act),
• Physician Services
• Home Infusion Services,
• Accountable Care Organizations (ACO),
• Opioid Treatment Programs,
• Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility services,
• Skilled Nursing Facility services,
• General billing requirements,
• Home Health,
• Drugs and Vaccines under Part B,
• NEW: National Coverage Determinations (NCD),
• Medicare payment to facilities accepting government resources,
• Oxygen,
• NEW: Temporary Department of Defense Sites, and
• NEW: Military Treatment Facilities (MTFs).

 

April 24, 2020: Alabama Medicaid Alert

Alabama Medicaid indicated in a Provider Alert that all previously published expiration dates related to the COVID-19 emergency are being extended with a new expiration date of May 30, 2020 or at the conclusion of the COVID-19 National emergency, whichever occurs first.

Also included in this Alert is the reminder that “during the COVID-19 emergency, it is important to file claims as quickly as possible to ensure payment from Medicaid is made to Medicaid providers close to the date of service. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has increased the federal matching percentage for the emergency time frame, but states can only receive the increased match on claims that are paid during the emergency. Providers should include appropriate COVID-19 diagnosis code(s) on claims submitted to help with tracking of COVID-19.”

You can view a listing of prior Provider Alerts and all actions in response to the COVID-19 National emergency on the Agency’s COVID-19 at: https://medicaid.alabama.gov/news_detail.aspx?ID=13729

 

April 27, 2020: HHS Launches COVID-19 Uninsured Program Portal

In an April 27th media release, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced that they have “launched a NEW COVID-19 Uninsured Program Portal, allowing health care providers who have conducted COVID-19 testing or provided treatment for uninsured COVID-19 individuals on or after February 4, 2020 to submit claims for reimbursement.”

About the Program

• Where to Access the Portal
• HHS’ Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) COVID-19 Claims Reimbursement to Health Care Providers and Facilities Testing and Treatment of the Uninsured webpage at: https://www.hrsa.gov/coviduninsuredclaim
• HHS’ HRSA has contracted with UnitedHealth Group to administer this program.
• Approximately $1 billion is available to reimburse providers. This money was appropriate through the Families First Coronavirus Response Act.
• Program Timeline:
• April 22: Program Details Launch
• April 27: Sign up period begins for the program
• April 29: On Demand training starts
• May 6: Begin submitting claims electronically
• Mid-May: Begin receiving reimbursement
• Services Eligible for reimbursement:
• Specimen collection, diagnostic and antibody testing.
• Testing-related visits including in the following settings: office, urgent care or emergency room or via telehealth.
• Treatment, including office visit (including via telehealth), emergency room, inpatient, outpatient/observation, skilled nursing facility, long-term acute care (LTAC), acute inpatient rehab, home health, DME (e.g., oxygen, ventilator), emergency ground ambulance transportation, non-emergent patient transfers via ground ambulance, and FDA-approved drugs as they become available for COVID-19 treatment and administered as part of an inpatient stay.
• FDA-approved vaccine, when available.
• For inpatient claims, date of admittance must be on or after February 4, 2020.
• How to learn more:
• HRSA has indicated the Program website will be updated with much more information starting April 27 and to check back often.

 

April 27, 2020: MLN Matters MM11765: Addition of the QW Modifier to HCPCS Code U0002 and 87635

Provider Types affected by information in MLN MM11765 are facilities with a current Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certificate of waiver. Specifically, the article advised the need for the addition of the QW modifier to:

• HCPCS code U0002 (2019-nCoV Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV (COVID-19), any technique, multiple types or subtypes (includes all targets), non-CDC), and
• 87635 [Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (Coronavirus disease {COVID-19}, amplified probe technique.]

Medicare will permit the use of Codes U0002QW and 87635QW for claims submitted by facilities with a valid, current CLIA certificate of waiver with dates of service on or after March 20, 2020. The official instruction, CR 11765, issued to your MAC regarding this change is available at https://www.cms.gov/files/document/r10066OTN.pdf.

 

April, 28 2020: AHA and AHIMA FAQs Regarding ICD-10-CM Coding for COVID-19 Revised

The American Hospital Association and American Health Information Management Association released this joint FAQs regarding ICD-10-CM Coding for COVID-19 document on March 24, 2020. Since then several FAQs have been added with the most recent additions being on April 28, 2020.

MMP encourages you to visit the AHA COVID-19 FAQ webpage often for new information that can be downloaded and shared with your Coders and Clinical Documentation Integrity (CDI) Specialists.

 

April 28, 2020: Alabama Hospitals allowed to Resume Medical Procedures

Alabama’s Safer At Home Order signed on April 28, 2020 amended the Order of the State Health Officer Suspending Certain Public Gathering Due to the Risk of Infection by COVID-19 document. This is good news for Alabama hospitals as the following information for hospitals regarding resuming medical procedures was included in the amended document:

“Medical procedures. Effective April 30, 2020, at 5:00 P.M., dental, medical, or surgical procedures may proceed unless the State Health Officer or his designee determines that performing such procedures, or any category of them (whether statewide or regionally), would unacceptably reduce access to personal protective equipment or other resources necessary to diagnose and treat COVID-19. Providers performing these procedures shall follow all applicable COVID-19-related rules adopted by a state regulatory board or by the Alabama Department of Public Health. In the absence of such rules, providers should take reasonable steps to comply with applicable COVID-19-related guidelines from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the CDC, including “Re-opening Facilities to Provide Non-emergent Non-COVID-19 Healthcare: Phase I” from CMS, available at https://www.cms.gov/files/document/covid-flexibility-reopen-essential-non-covid-services.pdf, and “Infection Control Guidance for Healthcare Professionals about Coronavirus (COVID-19)” from the CDC, available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/infection-control.html.”

 

April 28, 2020: CMS Issues Letter to Clinicians Regarding New COVID-19 Clinical Trials Improvement Activity to the MIPS

In a letter thanking clinicians for their efforts to treat patients and combat COVID-19, CMS provided additional details on the new Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) improvement activity.

Letter (PDF)

 

April 29, 2020: First Coast eNews: COVID-19: Allowances for Lab Test Codes U0001-U0004 and 87635

In this announcement, First Coast reminds providers that CMS established new codes for lab tests for the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Further, CMS provided pricing for codes U0001 and U0002, and instructed MACs to develop the allowance for the remaining codes. The following table highlights the Allowance for each code:

‍April 29, 2020: The HHS Office of Civil Rights (OCR) Webinar on HIPAA Privacy and Security Issues Related to COVID-19

In an April 29th announcement the OCR indicated they had hosted a webinar on April 24, 2020, for health IT stakeholders on HIPAA privacy and security issues related to COVID-19 and recent OCR actions related to the pandemic. The following topics were included in this webinar:

• COVID-19 and Permissible Disclosures under the HIPAA Privacy Rule
• Enforcement Discretion and Guidance for Telehealth Remote Communications
• Guidance for Disclosures to First Responders and Public Health Authorities
• Enforcement Discretion for Business Associates to Use and Disclose PHI for Public Health and Health Oversight Activities
• Enforcement Discretion for Community-Based Testing Sites

A recording of this webinar is now available on YouTube: https://youtu.be/2C6iOdS_FR0. 

The slides from this presentation may be viewed at:  https://go.usa.gov/xvExS. 

For more information related to HIPAA and COVID-19, visit the HIPAA, Civil Rights, and COVID-19 webpage.

April 30, 2020: Second Round Sweeping Changes to Support U.S. Healthcare System During COVID-19 Pandemic

In an April 30th Press Release the CMS announced “another round of sweeping regulatory waivers and rule changes to deliver expanded care to the nation’s seniors and provide flexibility to the healthcare system as America reopens.” The CMS indicates “today’s actions are informed by requests from healthcare providers as well as by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, or CARES Act.”  Included in the Press Release is the reminder that you do need to apply for the blanket waivers and providers and states can begin using the flexibilities immediately. Following are a few of the actions being taken:   

COVID-19 Diagnostic Testing for Medicare and Medicaid Beneficiaries:

• During the Public Health Emergency, COVID-19 test may be covered when ordered by any healthcare professional authorized to do so under state law. To provide broad access to testing related to COVID-19, a written practitioner’s order is no longer required for the COVID-19 test for Medicare payment purposes.
• CMS will pay hospitals and practitioners to assess beneficiaries and collect lab samples for COVID-19 testing, and make separate payment when that is the only service the patient receives.
• CMS announced they will be “covering certain serology (antibody) tests, which may aid in determining whether a person may have developed an immune response and may not be at immediate risk for COVID-19 reinfection. Medicare and Medicaid will cover laboratory processing of certain FDA-authorized tests that beneficiaries self-collect at home.”

CMS Hospitals Without Walls

CMS provided the following examples of ways hospitals are being provided flexibility to increase beds for COVID-19 patients and receive stable Medicare payments:

• Teaching hospitals can increase the number of temporary beds without facing reduced payments for indirect medical education.
• Inpatient Psychiatric and inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) can admit more patients to alleviate pressure on acute-care hospital capacity without facing reduced teaching status payments.
• Specific for freestanding IRFs, CMS is excepting certain requirements to enable them to accept patients from acute-care hospitals experiencing a surge, even if they do not require rehabilitation care.
• Hospital systems with rural health clinics (RHCs) can increase bed capacity without affecting the RHCs payments.

Outpatient Hospital Services

• Under current law, most provider-based hospital outpatient departments that relocate off-campus are paid at lower rates under the Physician Fee Schedule, rather than the Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS). CMS will allow certain provider-based hospital outpatient departments that relocate off-campus to obtain a temporary exception and continue to be paid under the OPPS. Importantly, hospitals may also relocate outpatient departments to more than one off-campus location, or partially relocate off-campus while still furnishing care at the original site.

Additional flexibilities being made are related to increasing the Healthcare Workforce, decreasing administrative burden for providers, and further expanding telehealth.

You can read more about the new flexibilities and waivers in a related CMS Fact Sheet or the Medicare and Medicaid Interim Final Rule with Comment (IFC): Additional Policy and Regulatory Revisions in Response to COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (CMS-5531 IFC) that can be found on the CMS COVID-19 flexibilities webpage: https://www.cms.gov/about-cms/emergency-preparedness-response-operations/current-emergencies/coronavirus-waivers. 

April 30, 2020: MLN SE20016 New and Expanded Flexibilities for Rural Health Clinics (RHCs) and Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency (PHE) Revised

MLN SE20016 was revised to provide the following:

• Additional claims submission and processing instructions,
• Information on cost-sharing related to COVID-19 testing,
• Additional information on telehealth flexibilities, and
• Information on provider-based RHCs exemption to the RHC payment limit.

April 30, 2020: New FAQs on the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA)

CMS has issued FAQs to clarify requirements and considerations for hospitals and other providers related to EMTALA during the COVID-19 pandemic. FAQ topics includes the following:

• Patient Presentation to the Emergency Department,
• Where Does EMTALA Apply,
• Qualified Medical Professionals (QMPs),
• Medical Screening Exam (MSE),
• Transfer and Stabilization of a Patient,
• Telehealth,
• Waivers Under Section 1135 of the Social Security Act, and
• FAQs falling under “Other.”

Q:

I know that the new MOON is available for use. What I don’t know is when are we required to use the new form?

A:

The new CMS 10611-MOON has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and has an expiration date of 12/31/2022. The following update was posted to the CMS MOON webpage on April 6, 2020:

“Hospitals are strongly encouraged to begin using the new Medicare Outpatient Observation Notice (MOON) as soon as possible, but no later than May 1, 2020.

 

Also, keep in mind the following guidance from CMS regarding the delivery of Beneficiary Notices during the COVID-19 public health emergency:

If you are treating a patient with suspected or confirmed COVID-19, CMS encourages the provider community to be diligent and safe while issuing the following beneficiary notices to beneficiaries receiving institutional care:

• Important Message from Medicare (IM)_CMS-10065
• Detailed Notices of Discharge (DND)_CMS-10066
• Notice of Medicare Non-Coverage (NOMNC)_CMS-10123
• Detailed Explanation of Non-Coverage (DENC)_CMS-10124
• Medicare Outpatient Observation Notice (MOON)_CMS-10611
• Advance Beneficiary Notice of Non-Coverage (ABN)_CMS-R-131
• Skilled Nursing Advance Beneficiary Notice of Non-Coverage (SNFABN)_CMS-10055
• Hospital Issued Notices of Non-Coverage (HINN)

In light of concerns related to COVID-19, current notice delivery instructions provide flexibilities for delivering notices to beneficiaries in isolation. These procedures include:

• Hard copies of notices may be dropped off with a beneficiary by any hospital worker able to enter a room safely. A contact phone number should be provided for a beneficiary to ask questions about the notice, if the individual delivering the notice is unable to do so. If a hard copy of the notice cannot be dropped off, notices to beneficiaries may also be delivered via email, if a beneficiary has access in the isolation room. The notices should be annotated with the circumstances of the delivery, including the person delivering the notice, and when and to where the email was sent.
• Notice delivery may be made via telephone or secure email to beneficiary representatives who are offsite. The notices should be annotated with the circumstances of the delivery, including the person delivering the notice via telephone, and the time of the call, or when and to where the email was sent.

Resource: MLN Matters SE20011 at https://www.cms.gov/files/document/se20011.pdf

Q:

How would Anxiety due to a medical condition be coded?

A:

Per Coding Clinic, 4th quarter 1996, page 29, Anxiety due to a medical condition is assigned to Organic anxiety syndrome (293.84), which crosswalks in I-10 to Anxiety Disorder Due to Known Physiological Condition (F06.4).  Per Coding Clinic, “This condition is characterized by clinically significant anxiety that is judged to be due to the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition.”

Below are some organic conditions that can cause Anxiety:

• Hypo and Hyperthyroidism,
• CHF,
• COPD,
• Pneumonia,
• Neoplasms

References:

• Coding Clinic, 4th Quarter 1996, page 29
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1071743/