Knowledge Base - Full Library

Did You Know?

CMS established the New COVID-19 Treatments Add-On Payment (NCTAP) under the Medicare Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS). This add-on payment was “designed to mitigate potential financial disincentives for hospitals to provide new COVID-19 treatments, and is effective from November 2, 2020, until the end of the fiscal year in which the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) ends.”

Why Should You Care?

Providers will receive “an enhanced payment for eligible inpatient cases that use certain new products with current FDA approval or emergency use authorization (EUA) to treat COVID-19.”

NCTAP claims are eligible for the “enhanced payment,” when the claim has the ICD-10-CM diagnosis code U07.1 (COVID-19) and one of the treatments listed on the CMS NCTAP webpage (link).

A new treatment was added to the list in November 2022 after the FDA issued an EUA for Kineret injection for hospital discharges on or after November 8, 2022. Your hospital would report this treatment by adding the applicable NDC code 06665823407 to the claim.

CMS advised that “hospitals should report the ICD-10-PCS code(s) or NDC(s) for all products administered during the stay, even if the hospital got the product for free. Hospitals shouldn’t report charges for products they got for free.”

What Can You Do?

Become familiar with the list of approved treatments and the related ICD-10-PCS code or NDC that must be on the claim and share this information with your coding staff.

Medicare Transmittals & MLN Articles

Inpatient & Long-Term Care Hospital Prospective Payment System: FY 2023 Changes

• MLN Release Date: December 1, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article highlights FY 2023 updates. For example, providers are reminded that CMS is not adjusting payments for any hospital in the Hospital Value Based Purchasing program or the Hospital Acquired Condition Reduction Program for FY 2023.
• MLN MM12814: (link)

DMEPOS Fee Schedule: CY 2023 Update

• MLN Release Date: December 2, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article provides information for your billing staff about the annual update to fee schedule amounts for new and existing codes and payment policy changes.
• MLN MM13006: (link)

Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule: CY 2023 Annual Update

• MLN Release Date: December 9, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article provides information for your billing staff about instructions for the CY 2023 Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule (CLFS), mapping for new codes, and updates for laboratory costs subject to the reasonable charge payment.
• MLN MM13023: (link)

HCPCS Codes & Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) Edits: April 2023

• MLN Release Date: December 9, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article provides information for your billing staff about new HCPCS and discontinued HCPCS codes and required CLIA certificates.
• MLN MM13024: (link)

Laboratory Edit Software Changes: April 2023

• MLN Release Date: December 12, 2022
• What You Need to Know: NCDs with April 2023 updates includes 190.18 – Serum Iron Studies, 190.22 – Thyroid Testing, 190.23A – Lipids Testing, and 190.23B – Lipids Testing.
• MLN MM13026: (link)

Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System: January 2023 Update

• MLN Release Date: December 14, 2022
• What You Need to Know: CMS advises providers to make sure their billing staff knows about payment system updates and new codes for COVID-19, drugs, biologicals, radiopharmaceuticals, devices and other items and services.
• MLN MM13031: (link)

New Medicare Part B Immunosuppressant Drug Benefit

• MLN Release Date: December 16, 2022
• What You Need to Know: Your billing staff needs to know about the extension of Medicare coverage for immunosuppressant drugs beyond 36 months for certain patients with kidney transplants and coverage of premiums and cost sharing for these patients. This is a new benefit that was included in the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA) and is effective January 1, 2023.
• MLN MM12804: (link)

Ambulatory Surgical Center Payment System: January 2023 Update

• MLN Release Date: December 22, 2022
• What You Need to Know: CMS advises providers to make sure your billing staff knows about new HCPCS C-codes on the ASC Covered Procedure List (CPL), new HCPCS codes for drugs and biologics, and the skin substitute product assignments to high and low-cost groups.
• MLN MM13041: (link)

Revised Transmittals & MLN Articles

Extension of Changes to the Low-Volume Hospital Payment Adjustment and the Medicare Dependent Hospital Program

• MLN Release Date: October 21, 2022 – Revised December 9, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article was revised due to a revised Change Request (CR) 12970. CMS will give your MAC 60 days to reprocess claims affected by the CR.
• MLN MM12970: (link)

Coverage Updates

National Coverage Determination 110.24: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy

• MLN Release Date: December 1, 2022
• What You Need to Know: CMS advises providers to make sure your billing staff know about the following changes to CAR-T billing:
• Include additional place of services (POS) codes for office and independent clinics,
• Bill in 0.1-unit fractions, and
• Use 3 modifiers, including the new modifier -LU.
• MLN MM12928: (link)

National Coverage Determination 200.3: Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Amyloid for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

• MLN Release Date: December 8, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article provides information about FDA-approved monoclonal antibodies and CMS-approved studies that your billing staff needs to know.
• MLN MM12950: (link)

Compliance Education Updates

Biosimilars & Interchangeable Products: Free Continuing Education Courses from FDA

CMS reminded providers in the December 8, 2022 edition of MLN Connects (link) that the FDA has free accredited continuing education courses for health care providers on biosimilars and interchangeable products.

Other Updates

December 2, 2022: Letter to U.S. Governors from HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra on COVID-19, Flu, and RSV Resources

HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra noted in a letter to U.S. Governors (link) that “I write today to reinforce that the Biden-Harris Administration stands ready to continue assisting you with resources, supplies, and personnel, as it has throughout our fight against COVID-19.”

December 6, 2022: CMS Proposed Rule to Expand Access to Health Information and Improve the Prior Authorization Process

CMS provided the following information in the December 8, 2022 MLN Connects Newsletter (link):

As part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s ongoing commitment to increasing health data exchange and investing in interoperability, CMS issued a proposed rule that would improve patient and provider access to health information and streamline processes related to prior authorization for medical items and services. CMS proposes to modernize the health care system by requiring certain payers to implement an electronic prior authorization process, shorten the time frames for certain payers to respond to prior authorization requests, and establish policies to make the prior authorization process more efficient and transparent. The rule also proposes to require certain payers to implement standards that would enable data exchange from one payer to another payer when a patient changes payers or has concurrent coverage, which is expected to help ensure that complete patient records would be available throughout patient transitions between payers.

Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative: Annual Policy Manual Update for 2023

On December 1st, CMS posted the updated Medicare National Correct Coding Initiative Policy Manual effective January 1, 2023. Additions and revisions to the manual are noted in red font.

National Correct Coding Initiative: January Update

You can find the National Correct Coding Initiative (NCCI) fourth quarter edit files, effective January 1, 2023, on these Medicare NCCI webpages:

• Procedure-to-Procedure Edits
• Medically Unlikely Edits
• Add-on Code Edits

December 14, 2022: Guidelines for Achieving a Compliant Query Practice (2022 Update)

In December, the final version of the 2022 update to the Guidelines for Achieving a Compliant Query Practice was released. This document is a joint effort of the Association of Clinical Documentation Integrity Specialists (ACDIS) and the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA). This document supersedes all previous versions of this document. As noted in this practice brief, it “should be used to guide organizational policy and process development for a compliant query practice.” You can read more about this document in a related AHIMA press release (link).

December 15, 2022: OIG’s Top Unimplemented Recommendations 2022 Report

The OIG announced the publication of their 2022 Top Unimplemented Recommendations: Solutions to Reduce Fraud, Waste, and Abuse in the HHS Programs report (link). Specific to Medicare Parts A and B and in keeping with the 2020 and 2021 reports, unimplemented recommendation for inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) and a call for CMS to seek legislative authority to comprehensively reform the hospital wage index system remains on the list. The third unimplemented recommendation was also in the 2021 report and calls for CMS to recover overpayment of $1 billion resulting from incorrectly assigning severe malnutrition diagnosis codes to inpatient hospital claims.

December 21, 2022 Joint Commission Announces Major Standard Reductions and Freezes Hospital Accreditation Fees

On Wednesday, December 21st, the Joint Commission announced (link) the elimination of 168 standards (14%), the revision of 14 other standards and that they would not be “raising its accreditation fees for domestic hospitals in 2023 in recognition of the many financially challenges hospitals and health systems continue to face.”

December 23, 2022: First Generic Drug Approvals

The FDA has published a list of First-Time Generic Drug Approvals in 2022 (link). They note that first generics “are just what they sound like – the first approval by FDA which permits a manufacturer to market a generic drug product in the United States.”

PAMA Regulations Update

On December 30, 2022, CMS updated their PAMA (Protecting Access to Medicare Act of 2014) CMS webpage (link) with the following information:

DELAY!!! IMPORTANT UPDATE: The next data reporting period is January 1, 2024 through March 31, 2024, will be based on the original data collection period of January 1, 2019 through June 30, 2019.

On December 29, 2022, Section 4114 of Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 revised the next data reporting period for CDLTs that are not ADLTs and the phase-in of payment reductions under the Medicare private payor rate-based CLFS. The next data reporting period of January 1, 2024 through March 31, 2024 will be based on the original data collection period of January 1, 2019 through June 30, 2019. After the next data reporting period, there is a three-year data reporting cycle for CDLTs that are not ADLTs (that is 2027, 2030, etc.).

MMP’s Protection Assessment Report (P.A.R.) combines current Medicare Fee-for-Service review targets (i.e., MAC, RAC, OIG) with hospital specific paid claims data made possible through a collaboration with RealTime Medicare Data (RTMD). Monthly, our newsletter spotlights current review activities. This month we focus on the Shared Decision-Making (SDM) requirement for Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC) and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator procedures.

Did You Know?

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) (link) defines Shared Decision-Making (SDM) as “a model of patient-centered care that enables and encourages people to play a role in the medical decisions that affect their health,” and goes on to note that “the innovation of shared decision making is the use of evidence-based tools, known as patient decision aids, to inform patients and help them set their own goals and clarify their values.”

Why It Matters?

There are two National Coverage Determinations (NCDs) for a cardiac procedure in which an SDM encounter is listed as one of the nationally covered indications for coverage of the procedure.

• NCD 20.34: Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC)
• NCD 20.4 Implantable Automatic Defibrillators

This matters because the Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) Contractor lists both procedures in Table D4 of the 2021 Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) supplemental improper payment data report. This table details the top 20 service types with the highest improper payments in the Part A hospital inpatient prospective payment system (IPPS) setting.

DRG pair 273 and 274 (Percutaneous Intracardiac Procedures) had the third highest projected improper payment at $160,504,177 and a 29.3% improper payment rate. LAAC procedures group to this DRG pair. Insufficient documentation accounted for 83% of the improper payment rate and 17% of the improper payment rate was attributed to medical necessity issues.

DRG pair 226 and 227 (Cardiac Defibrillator Implant without Cardiac Catheterization) had the fifth highest projected improper payment rate at $">link),790,870 and a 22.7% improper payment rate. Insufficient documentation accounted for 85.3% of the improper payment rate and 14.7% of the improper payment rate was attributed to medical necessity issues.

CMS recently provided the following guidance in the Thursday, December 1, 2022 edition of MLN Connects (link):

“Shared decision-making (SDM) is an important part of person-centered health care. You work with your patient to make decisions that meet their needs based on:

• Evidence-based information about available options
• Your knowledge and experience
• Patient's values and preferences

When you provide SDM for percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs):

• Document the SDM encounters correctly in medical records before you implant.
• Get preoperative documents from all providers before submitting medical records. While not mandatory, it speeds processing of your claims.

The Comprehensive Error Rate Testing (CERT) contractor reviews your claim documentation to determine if it meets SDM requirements. If it doesn’t, CMS will:

• Issue an error for overpaid claims for these procedure codes
• Recoup the overpayment”

What Can I Do?

If your hospital provides either of these services:

• Ensure documentation in your medical record meets the requirements detailed in the NCD. Palmetto GBA, the Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC) for Jurisdiction J (Alabama, Georgia, and Tennessee) has published two resources to assist you:
• A Cardiac Procedure Checklist (link) for when a claim is selected for review by the CERT contractor, and
• A Left Atrial Appendage Closure education module (link). Palmetto notes, “This module provides an overview of what Palmetto GBA, and the Comprehensive Error Rate Contractor (CERT) requires in your documentation to support billing of these claims. Shared decision-making (SDM) encounters with the patient is a very intricate part of your documentation.”
• Share this information with your Physicians,
• Respond to Additional Documentation Requests (ADRs) in a timely manner, and
• Have a process in place to ensure that all documents needed to support the medical necessity of the services provided are included when responding to Additional Documentation Requests (ADRs) from Medicare Contractors (i.e., CERT, Recovery Auditor).

Did You Know?

There are new codes for Respiratory Acidosis as of October 1, 2022.

Why It Matters?

With the code expansion, there was also a change in the Alphabetic Index. Acute Respiratory Acidosis is now assigned to code, J96.02, Acute Respiratory Failure with Hypercapnia, an MCC. >[?

Documentation	ICD-10-CM Code
Respiratory Acidosis	E87.29, Other Acidosis	CC
Acute Respiratory Acidosis	J96.02, Acute Respiratory Failure with Hypercapnia	MCC
Chronic Respiratory Acidosis	J96.12, Chronic Respiratory Failure with Hypercapnia	CC

What Can I Do?

Familiarize yourself with the difference between Acute and Chronic Respiratory Acidosis. Knowing the symptoms will help with compiling a query if needed.

Respiratory Acidosis occurs when natural breathing does not remove carbon dioxide from the body. Carbon dioxide builds up in the blood and causes it to become acidotic. This could be acute or chronic.

Chronic Respiratory Acidosis: People will have excess carbon dioxide in their blood on a chronic basis, but the kidneys work to remove the acid to keep the acid-base balanced. The excess acid still affects the brain and still can cause less notable symptoms such as memory loss, sleep disturbance and anxiety. Treatment is directed towards the underlying cause such as COPD.

Acute Respiratory Acidosis – This type of Respiratory Acidosis is acute with sudden onset and requires immediate medical attention. The symptoms are more severe and can cause heart arrhythmias and hypotension. The patient may experience confusion, stupor, or muscle jerking. In addition to treating the underlying cause, the use of Bipap or mechanical ventilation may be immediately required.

References:

Merck Manual

Medical News Today

Brundage Group – Tip of the Month October 2022 - Acidosis

On November 22nd, CMS published the following announcement regarding new ICD-10 diagnosis and procedure codes that will become effective April 1, 2023:

In an effort to better enable the collection of health-related social needs (HRSNs), defined as individual-level, adverse social conditions that negatively impact a person’s health or healthcare, are significant risk factors associated with worse health outcomes as well as increased healthcare utilization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) is implementing 42 new diagnosis codes into the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM), for reporting effective April 1, 2023.

Fourteen of the new diagnosis codes are identified as external cause of injury codes and as such there is no assigned severity level, MDC, or MS-DRG.

In addition, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is implementing 34 new procedure codes into the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS), effective April 1, 2023.

The ICD-10 MS-DRG V40.1 Grouper Software, Definitions Manual Table of Contents, and the Definitions of Medicare Code Edits V40.1 manual to accommodate these new diagnosis and procedure codes, effective for discharges on or after effective April 1, 2023 will be available at: https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/AcuteInpatientPPS/MS-DRG-Classifications-and-Software.html.

The Code Tables, Index and related Addenda files for the 34 new procedure codes will be available at: https://www.cms.gov/medicare/icd-10/2023-icd-10-pcs.

The Index and Tabular Addenda for the new diagnosis codes will be made available via the CDC website at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/Comprehensive-Listing-of-ICD-10-CM-Files.htm.

Did You Know?

December 5th – 9th, 2022 is National Influenza Vaccination Week (NIVW). This annual observance is a time to remind everyone that for individuals 6 months and older there is still time to get vaccinated against the flu. This is especially important for individuals at higher risk (i.e., people 65 years and older, diabetics, people with heart disease, and young children) for developing serious complications from the flu.

Why It Matters?

The CDC estimated, that during the 2021 – 2022 influenza season (link), influenza was associated with:

• 9 million illnesses,
• 4 million medical visits,
• 10,000 hospitalizations, and
• 5,000 deaths.

The CDC estimates that, from October 1, 2022 through November 26, 2022, there have been:

• 8.7 – 19 million flu illnesses,
• 4.2 – 9.5 million flu medical visits,
• 78,000 – 170,000 flu hospitalizations, and
• 4,500 – 13,000 flu deaths.

Note, the above 2022 estimates were last reviewed December 2, 2022, are preliminary and change week-by-week as new hospitalizations are reported to the CDC.

What Can I Do?

If you are a healthcare provider, CMS has updated their Flu Shot Toolkit (link) with information about payment for the 2022-2023 flu season, frequency and coverage, billing, coding, and additional resources.

Receiving an annual flu vaccine reduces your risk of flu. Seasonal influenza viruses are detected year-round, however most flu activity peaks between December and February. As a healthcare consumer, if you have not already received your flu shot, it is not too late to get one.

Medicare Transmittals & MLN Articles

Telehealth Home Health Services: New G-Codes

• MLN Release Date: November 2, 2022
• What You Need to Know: Starting on or after January 1, 2023, Home Health (HH) providers may voluntarily report the use of telecommunications technology in providing HH services on HH payment claims. Starting July 1, 2023, providers will be required to report this information. This MLN article details the three G-codes that will need to be used when submitting the use of telecommunication technology on the HH claim.
• MLN MM12805: link)

Billing for Hospital Part B Inpatient Services

• Transmittal Issue Date: November 9, 2022.
• What You Need to Know: The purpose of this Change Request (CR) 12965 is to provide billing instructions for hospital Part B inpatient services. For example, effective 7/1/2022 three new “Not Allowed Revenue Codes” were added to the list of codes a Medicare Administrative Contractor will set a revenue code edit to prevent payment on Type of Bill 012X. The implementation date for the updates is December 12, 2022.
• CR 12965: link)

ESRD & Acute Kidney Injury Dialysis: CY 2023 Updates

• MLN Release Date: November 10, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article details information about rates and policies for the ESRD Prospective Payment System and payment for renal dialysis services provided to patients with acute kidney injury in ESRD facilities.
• MLN MM12978: link)

Home Health Prospective Payment System: CY 2023 Updates

• MLN Release Date: November 10, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article highlights changes related to 30-day period payment rates, national per-visit amounts, and cost-per-unit payment amounts used for calculating outlier payments under the Home Health Prospective Payment System. These changes will be effective January 1, 2023.
• MLN MM12957: link)

Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule Summary: CY 2023

• MLN Release Date: November 17, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article details updates effective January 1, 2023 to the telehealth originating site facility fee payment amount, expansion of coverage for colorectal cancer screening, coverage of audiology services, and other covered services.
• MLN MM12982: link)

New Waived Tests

• MLN Release Date: November 23, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article highlights seven newly added waived complexity tests that must have the modifier QW to be recognized as a waived test.
• MLN MM12996: link)

Revised Medicare MLN Articles & Transmittals

Changes to the Laboratory National Coverage Determination (NCD) Edit Software for January 2023

• MLN Release Date: September 6, 2022 – Revised November 10, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This article was revised due to a revised Change Request (CR) 12888. No substantive changes were made to the article.
• MLN MM12888: link)

Coverage Updates

ICD-10 & Other Coding Revisions to National Coverage Determinations: April 2023 Update

• MLN Release Date: November 9, 2022
• What You Need to Know: This MLN is related to CR 12960 which is a maintenance update of ICD-10 conversions and other coding updates specific to NCDs. Relevant NCD coding changes in CR 12960 include:
• NCD 20.4 (Implantable Automatic Defibrillators ICDs): ICD-10 diagnosis code I47.2 end effective date was September 30, 2022. New codes effective on or after October 1, 2022 includes I47.20, I47.21, and I47.29.
• NCD 210.10 (Screening for STIs): CPT 0353U is a new code for this NCD with an effective date October 1, 2022.

CMS notes that MACs will adjust any claims processed in error associated with CR 12960 that you bring to their attention.

• MLN MM12960: link)

Compliance Education Updates

Medicare Provider Compliance Tips – Revised

CMS noted in the Thursday, November 3, 2022 edition of MLN Connects (link) that the educational tool Medicare Provider Compliance Tips has been updated with the latest improper payment rates, denial reasons, and codes. Additional information and new tips have been added to several of the topics included in this tool (i.e., new tips for cataract removal, lipid panels and psychiatry).

Federally Qualified Health Center — Revised
Excerpt from 11/23 MLN Matters newsletter:

This MLN booklet (link)">link) was reviewed in October 2022 and includes the following changes:

• Payment for hospice attending physician services by specific providers
• Mental health services using telecommunications
• Concurrent billing for chronic care management and transitional care management services
• Changes to care management services codes
• CMS also added information on COVID-19 shot and monoclonal antibody therapy administration.

COVID-19 Updates

COVID-19 PHE Extended

The Secretary of Health and Human Services, Xavier Becerra, renewed the COVID-19 public health emergency on October 13th (link). As a reminder, PHE declarations last for the duration of the emergency or 90 days and may be extended by the Secretary. Ninety days from October 13th will be January 11th, 2023. Specific to the COVID-19 PHE, HHS has indicated that they will provide a 60-day notice prior to the termination of the COVID-19 PHE. The sixty days prior to January 11, 2023 came and went without notice from the Secretary so it appears the COVID-19 PHE will last at least to April 2023.

HHS Releases Long COVID Report

In a November 21, 2022 press release (link), the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced the release of a new report highlighting patients’ experience of Long COVID. “Long COVID is a set of conditions. Researchers have cataloged more than 50 conditions linked to Long COVID that impact nearly every organ system. Estimates vary, but research suggests that between 5 percent and 30 percent of those who had COVID-19 may have Long COVID symptoms, and roughly one million people are out of the workforce at any given time due to Long COVID. This figure equates to approximately $50 billion annually in lost salaries.”

Other Updates

October 27, 2022: OIG Report – CMS Can Use OIG Audit Reports to Improve Its Oversight of Hospital Compliance

In this Report (link), the OIG notes that they performed this audit to determine CMS’s actions taken regarding 12 Hospital Compliance Audits during calendar years (CYs) 2016 through 2018. Collectively, the OIG reviewed 1,290 claims from the 12 hospitals. The most common error types identified by the OIG were incorrectly billed Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility (IRF) services and incorrectly billed HCPCS codes.

The OIG determined that, after considering results of first and second level appeals, the 12 hospitals received overpayments totaling $82 million. While the OIG found that CMS had taken some recommended actions based on these audits, they noted that CMS provided insufficient information to be able to identify if actions had been taken to ensure the hospitals had repaid funds or followed the 60-day rule.

The categories of claims at high risk for noncompliance with Medicare requirements, for this report, included the following “risk areas” that were the focus of the 12 hospital compliance audits:

• Inpatient rehabilitation facility claims,
• Inpatient claims billed with high CERT DRG codes,
• Inpatient claims billed with high-severity level DRG codes,
• Inpatient claims paid in excess of billed charges,
• Inpatient claims billed with adverse events, inpatient claims billed with elective procedures,
• Inpatient claims billed with mechanical ventilation,
• Inpatient claims covering same day discharge and readmission,
• Inpatient psychiatric facility claims,
• Inpatient claims paid in excess of $150,000,
• Inpatient claims paid in excess of $25,000,
• Outpatient claims paid in excess of charges,
• Outpatient claims billed with right heart catheterizations HCPCS codes,
• Outpatient surgery claims billed with units greater than one,
• Outpatient claims billed with bypass modifiers,
• Outpatient skilled nursing facility (SNF) consolidated billing claims, and
• Outpatient claims paid in excess of $25,000.

The OIG notes that “if CMS used our provider-specific audit reports, it could improve Medicare program oversight by focusing on services at high risk for improper payment. In addition, CMS’s actions could lead to improvements in hospital specific internal controls.”

October 28, 2022: Implementing Certain Provisions of the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA), 2021 and other Revisions to Medicare Enrollment and Eligibility Rules (CMS-4199-F)

Currently, for those approaching sixty-five, the date when your coverage becomes effective depends on when you enroll. As noted in a CMS Fact Sheet related to this final rule (link):

• “If an individual enrolls during any of the first three months of their Initial Enrollment Period (IEP), their coverage will start the first month of eligibility (e.g., age 65).
• If an individual enrolls during their IEP in the month they become eligible, their coverage will start the month after they enroll.
• If an individual enrolls during any of the last three months of their IEP, their coverage will start 2-3 months after they enroll.
• If an individual enrolls during the General Enrollment Period (GEP), which runs from January 1st through March 31st every year, their coverage will start

As mandated in the CAA and finalized in this rule, beginning January 1, 2023, Medicare coverage will become effective the month after enrollment for individuals enrolling in the last three months of their IEP or in the GEP, reducing any potential gaps in coverage.

October 31, 2022: CY 2023 Home Health Prospective Payment System rate Update and Home Infusion Therapy Services Requirements – Final Rule (CMS-1766-F)

In a Fact Sheet (link), CMS estimates that Medicare payments to Home Health Agencies (HHAs) in CY 2023 will increase $125 million compared to CY 2022.

October 31, 2022: CY 2023 End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Prospective Payment System (PPS) Final Rule (CMS-1768-F)

CMS projects that payment updates for CY 2023 will increase the total payments to all ESRD facilities by 3.1% compared to CY 2022. You can read about this Final Rule in the CMS Fact Sheet announcing the release of the final rule (link).

The CMS released the Calendar Year (CY) 2023 Outpatient Prospective Payment System (OPPS) and Ambulatory Surgical Center (ASC) Payment System Final Rule on November 1, 2022. Following are highlights from the final rule:

CY 2023 OPPS and ASC Payment Rates

CMS is updating the CY 2023 OPPS and ASC payment rate by 3.8%.

• The estimated total payments to OPPS providers in CY 2023 would be approximately $86.5 billion, an increase of approximately $6.5 billion compared to CY 2022 OPPS payments.
• The estimated total payments to ASCs for CY 2023 will be approximately $5.3 billion, an increase of approximately $230 million compared to CY 2022 ASC payments.

Comprehensive Ambulatory Payment Categories (C-APCs) for CY 2023

C-APCs were first implemented on January 1, 2015. A C-APC is defined as “a classification for the provision of a primary service and all adjunctive services provided to support the delivery of the primary service.”

CMS expanded the C-APC methodology in 2016 to include a “Comprehensive Observation Services” C-APC (C-APC 8011). The payment rate for C-APC 8011 in CY 2023 is $2,439.02.

For CY 2023, CMS finalized one new C-APC, C-APC 5372 (Level 2 Urology and Related Services).

For the duration of the COVID-19 PHE, any new FDA approved drug or biological approved for emergency use authorization (EUA) to treat COVID-19 that is authorized for use in the outpatient setting, or not limited to use in the inpatient setting, will be separately paid and will not package into the C-APC when provided on the same claim as the primary C-APC service.

Rural Emergency Hospital (REH)

REH is a new Medicare Provider type that includes facilities who elect to convert either from a critical access hospital (CAH) or a rural hospital with less than fifty beds to an REH. Policies for this new provider type will take effect January 1, 2023.

By statute REH services include emergency department services and observation care. Specific to observation care, CMS notes “there may be instanced in which REH patients receive observation services at an REH for a period exceeding 24 hours, but REHs are not required to provide required notification under the NOTICE Act, known as the Medicare Outpatient Observation Notice (MOON), because REHs are excluded from the definition of “hospital.”

An REH can also elect to provide other outpatient medical and health services furnished on an outpatient basis. CMS finalized the proposal that REHs may provide outpatient services not otherwise paid under the OPPS (i.e., services paid under the Clinical Lab Fee Schedule, post-hospital extended care services in a distinct part unit licensed as a skilled nursing facility).

REHs will receive a monthly facility payment of $272,866. This payment will increase in subsequent years by the hospital market basket percentage increase.

340B-Acquired Drugs

“CMS notes in the final rule that “for CY 2023, in light of the Supreme Court decision in American Hospital Association v. Becerra, 142 S. Ct. 1896 (2022), we are applying the default rate, generally average sales price (ASP) plus 6 percent, to 340B acquired drugs and biologicals in this final rule with comment period for CY 2023 and removing the increase to the conversion factor that was made in CY 2018 to implement the 340B policy in a budget neutral manner.

We are still evaluating how to apply the Supreme Court’s decision to prior calendar years. In the CY 2023 OPPS/ASC proposed rule, we solicited public comments on the best way to craft any potential remedies affecting cost years 2018-2022, and we will take these comments into consideration for separate rulemaking that will be published in advance of the CY 2024 OPPS/ASC proposed rule.”

Reminder, for 2022 claims prior to September 28th, providers will need to submit adjustment claims to recalculate their payments (link).

Medicare Inpatient Only (IPO) List

For CY 2023, CMS is removing 11 services and adding 8 newly created CPT codes to the IPO List. Table 65 of the final rule includes all services to be removed or added to the IPO list.

ASC Covered Procedure Lists

Procedures on the ASC Covered Procedure List (CPL) are surgical procedures that are appropriately performed on an inpatient basis in a hospital but that can also be safely performed in an ASC, a CAH, or an HOPD. Four procedures are being added to this list and can be found in table 80 of the final rule.

Hospital Outpatient Department Prior Authorization Process: New Service Category

Effective for dates of service on or after July 1, 2023, Facet joint interventions will be added to the list of service categories that hospital outpatient departments will be required to get prior authorization to receive payment. Specific Facet Joint CPT codes that will require prior authorization are listed in Table 103 of the final rule.

Outpatient Non-PHP Mental Health Services Furnished Remotely by Hospital Staff to Beneficiaries in Their Homes

CMS finalized its proposal to consider mental health services furnished remotely by hospital staff using communication technology to a beneficiary in his or her home a covered outpatient department service.

An in-person service will be required within 6 months prior to the initiation of remote service and then every 12 months thereafter, exceptions may be made to this requirement based on a beneficiary’s clinical needs and the reason being documented in the medical record. The in-person requirement will not apply to beneficiaries who began receiving mental health telehealth services during the PHE or during the 151-day period after the end of the PHE.

Audio-only interactive telecommunications systems may be used when a beneficiary is not capable of, or does not consent to, the use of two-way, audio/video technology.

Resources

CY 2023 OPPS Final Rule CMS Press Release: https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/press-releases/hhs-continues-biden-harris-administration-progress-promoting-health-equity-rural-care-access-through

CY 2023 OPPS Final Rule Fact Sheet: https://www.cms.gov/newsroom/fact-sheets/cy-2023-medicare-hospital-outpatient-prospective-payment-system-and-ambulatory-surgical-center-2